Nouns - Singular and Plural Nouns

This table shows how to change Singular nouns into Plural nouns.

Type of Noun	Plural form	Examples
Most nouns	By adding -s to the word	hen - hens, tree - trees, bag - bags
Nouns ending in a consonant and -y	By replacing -y with -i and adding -es to the word	butterfly - butterflies, army - armies, baby - babies
Nouns ending in a vowel and –y	By adding -s to the word	monkey - monkeys, day - days, toy - toys
Nouns ending in -o	By adding -s or -es	video - videos, potato - potatoes, mosquito - mosquitoes
Nouns ending in -sh,-ch, -x, -s, -ss	- Bye adding es	box - boxes, brush - brushes, stitch - stitches, glass - glasses
Nouns ending in -f or –fe	By changing the -f or -feto -v and adding -es	calf - calves, wolf - wolves, hoof - hooves
Compound nouns	By adding -s to the main word	brother-in-law - brothers-in-law
Irregular nouns	No   particular    rule    to change into plural form	goose - geese, child - children, mouse - mice, man - men
Same form for singular and plural	No change to the word	deer - deer, bison - bison

เฉลยแบฝึกหัดเรื่อง Nouns (Singular or Plural n.)

Nouns - Singular and Plural Nouns exercise

Complete these sentences by using the plural form of the word given in the brackets.

1.      The dogs (dog) fought over a bone.

2.      This book is full of amazing stories  (story).

3.      Get me a couple of books from those shelves  (shelf).

4.      The farmer bought a pair of oxen  (ox) from the neighbouring town.

5.      None of the switches  (switch) in this room is working.

6.      How many countries   (country) participated in the World Cup Tournament?

7.      Please clear the dishes (dish) from the table.

8.      What are your hobbies  (hobby)?

9.      The ground is covered with dry leaves (leaf).

10.   The shepherd was worried that he had lost ten sheep  (sheep).

Common Nouns and Proper Nouns

2.11 Nouns

Common Nouns and Proper Nouns

* A common noun is a general name for a class of objects, people or places. teacher, cup, park, kitten, country

* A proper noun is name of a specific person, place or thing. A proper noun always begins with a capital letter.

George Smith, Boston, Disney World

เฉลยแบบฝึกหัดเรื่อง Nouns (Common and Proper n.)

Nouns - Common Nouns and Proper Nouns exercise

A. Underline the common nouns and circle the proper nouns in each sentence.

*Red = Proper nouns                   Blue = Common nouns

1. Tom , would you like to come to the picnic tomorrow.

2.    Paris is the capital city of France.

3.     Gold and silver are used to make jewels.

4.    My parents are from Chicago.

5.   The Nile is the longest river in the world.

6.   The road is covered with snow.

7.   Harry Potter is the name of a famous wizard.

8.  Central park has many beautiful trees and statues.

9.   My friends love to play football in the summer.

10. Tim and Judy won the dance contest  this year.

B.Write a common noun to match each proper noun.

1.       New York                     city

2.       Christmas                    festival

3.       Australia                      country           

4.       Nile                               river

5.       Cinderella                    cartoon

6.       Atlantic                        ocean

Articles

* There are two kinds of articles—definite and indefinite.

*Indefinite articles (a, an) are used before a noun which is single and countable. The article an is used for nouns that begin with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u).

·       This is a cherry tree.

·               An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

* The definite article (the) is used to specify a noun which is identifiable by the listener. The noun can be singular or plural.

The park is crowded.

*No articles are used when the noun indicates general situations, diseases, seasons, food, sports, materials, emotions or proper nouns.

·       Cricket is an interesting sport.

Swine flu is contagious.

สรุป การใช้ Articles

ใช้ a, an นำหน้านามที่เป็นสำนวนเกี่ยวกับการเจ็บไข้ได้ป่วย

โครงสร้างคือ have + a+ อาการเจ็บป่วย 
(cold, fever , headache , ulcer , bruise ,
sprain , flu , stitch , cramp) ตัวอย่างเช่น
have a headache ( ปวดหัว )
have a pain in the chest ( เจ็บหน้าอก )
have a stomachache ( ปวดท้อง )
have a cold ( เป็นหวัด ) 

have a toothache ( ไม่มี a ก็ได้ ) ( ปวดฟัน )
have a fever ( เป็นไข้ )

ใช้ a, an นำหน้านาม 
มีข้อยกเว้นถ้าเป็นชื่อโรค ไม่ใช้ a, an เช่น
rheumatism( โรคปวดข้อ ) ,
diabetes ( เบาหวาน ),
influenza (ไข้หวัดใหญ่ ) ,
cancer ( มะเร็ง )
cholera (อหิวาตกโรค) ,
smallpox (ฝีดาษ) , 

ใช้ the นำหน้านาม
การใช้ the กับชื่อเฉพาะ ( proper noun)
*ชื่อเฉพาะของลักษณะทางภูมิศาสตร์ได้แก่ แม่น้ำ มหาสมุทร ทะเล อ่าว คลอง ช่องแคบ คาบสมุทร ทะเลทราย หมู่เกาะ เทือกเขา กลุ่มทะเลสาบ แหลม ป่า ตัวอย่างเช่น
แม่น้ำ : the Chow Praya (River ) , the Nile, the Thames, the Mississippi
มหาสมุทร: the Pacific ( Ocean ), the Atlantic (

 Ocean ), the Indian Ocean,
ทะเล : the Mediterranean (Sea) , the Dead Sea, the China Sea, the Red Sea
อ่าว : the Gulf of Thailand , the Gulf of Mexico, the Persian Gulf
คลอง : The Suez ( Canal ), the Panama ( Canal )
ช่องแคบ: the English Channel, the Straight of Malacca, the Straight of Gibraltar
คาบสมุทร : the Indo-China Peninsula, the Scandinavian Peninsula, the Iberian Peninsula
ทะเลทราย: the Sahara ( Desert ) , the Gobi (Desert)
แหลม : the Cape of Good Hope ( แต่ถ้าไม่มี of ไม่ต้องใช้ the เช่น Cape Canaveral )
ป่า: the Black Forest ,the Redwood Forest, the Amazon Forest

ไม่ใช้ the นำหน้านาม
การไม่ใช้ the กับ......
1. ชื่อมื้ออาหาร breakfast , lunch
2. ชื่อกีฬา football , volleyball
3. ชื่อจังหวัด, เมือง, ประเทศ
4. ชื่อวิชา English, French, History

Credit: มาสเตอร์ ปรีชา ตันวัฒนานันท์

เฉลยแบบฝึกหัดเรื่อง Articles

A. Complete the sentences by using a, an or the.

·            

1.           Where is the cat?

It is in the garden.

2.           Have you seen a(the)  leopard?

3.           My mother bought me a pair of trousers.

4.           My sister has three pets — a dog, a  cat and

 a parrot. The  dog is called hussy, the cat is

called Eric and the parrot is called Pepe.

5.         All trains have been delayed. I have been waiting at the railway station

for an hour.

       6.    I went to the riverside for a walk.

       7.   We went to a(the) Chinese restaurant at the end of

      the street.The food served there is delicious.

8.        Jamie is a quiet boy. He hardly speaks.

9.        I cannot find my shoes.

        They are under the stairs.

10.       The weather today is lovely. The sky looks so blue.

11.       Mrs Gibbs is a social worker.

12.       I want to buy a pair of trousers for myself.

B. Complete the sentences with a, the or put a cross (X) if no article is required.

1.      
 I love X Geography and X English.

2.       Lisbon is the capital of Portugal.

  3.    X vegetables are good for X health.

4.           I woke up when a(the)  clock struck seven.

5.           We spent a day at a(the)  museum. We came home in the evening.

6.           X most children love chocolate.

7.     Aren't X French very good at wine making?

8.     You need to take a preventive dose of medicines.

9.     X kite making is a special skill.

 10.    Yesterday, I noticed a tiny speck in the sky and realised it

            was not a bird but a fighter jet racing across the sky!

ตาราง TENSES

TENSES	Simple	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect-Continuous
Past
Present
Future

Answers

TENSES	Simple	Continuous	Perfect	Perfect-Continuous
Past	S+ V.2	S + was/were +V.ing	S+ had +V.3	S+ had been + V.ing
Present	S+ V.1 (s,es)	S + is/am/are+V.ing	S+have/has+V.3	S+have/has been + V.ing
Future	S+will + V.inf	S+will +be+V.ing	S+will + have+V.3	S+will + have been + V.ing